本论文主要研究PCI总线技术在电缆故障数据采集领域的应用与实现问题。随着电网规模的不断扩大，电缆故障的发生也越来越频繁。但到目前为止，国内外较成熟的电缆故障测距方法大都基于离线状态，电缆故障在线测距仍缺少有效的方法。因此，实现电缆在线故障测距，具有迫切的现实意义。 电缆在线故障测距对数据采集与处理的要求很高，PCI局部总线的引入，打破了数据传输的瓶颈，以其优异的性能成为微机总线的主流。但是由于PCI总线协议十分复杂，直接为它设计相匹配的数字逻辑控制电路难度很大。目前用来实现PCI接口的有效方案主要有采用可编程逻辑器件CPLD或FPGA和采用专用接口芯片两种方法。基于电缆故障在线定位系统的一部分，本论文对基于PCI总线的数据采集卡的接口技术进行了探讨和研究，在对两种接口方案进行比较的基础上，采用了第二种方案—PLX公司的专用接口芯片PCI9054。 本文在介绍了数据采集系统总体模块的构成、PCI总线的基本传输协议以及电气规范的基础上给出了系统各个模块的设计思路。在本课题中，完成了硬件电路、印刷电路板、驱动程序和应用软件的设计工作。具体的功能模块包括PCI接口模块、模数转换模块、逻辑控制模块、时钟电路和配置电路。硬件电路的绘制采用Protel99SE电路设计软，驱动程序采用DriverWorks开发工具，应用软件则利用VC++6.0编程软件。利用VC++6.0和MATLAB语言编写的上位机后台分析软件程序，主要完成数据实时传输、数据文件保存、图形绘制、小波分析、频谱分析等工作，并提出了该采集系统性能进一步提高的方法，为下几届研究生提供参考意见。 本文最后对电缆在线故障测距装置进行了多项测试。测试表明，该系统硬件和软件设计达到了电缆在线故障测距的要求，系统运行稳定。

This paper mainly studied the realization and application of cable fault data acquisition system using the PCI bus.With the development of electric power industry, the possibility of the cable fault happening is also becoming more and more greatly. However, up to now, the mature technology for cable fault location is mostly based on off-line at home and abroad. There are not efficient methods for cable fault location on-line, so this topic has an exigently realistic significance. Cable fault location on-line bring forward higher request for data gathering and processing. The PCI bus protocol is so intricacy and it is one of the most competitive bus criterions for data acquisition technique, but it's hard to design the appropriate digital logic interface circuit for PCI.There are two effective schemes to realize the interface conveniently at present: One is to adopt CPLD or FPGA and the other is to adhibit special interface chip.Depending on one cooperatiove project,this thesis discusses the technique on the interface of data acquisition board based on PCI bus。Contrast has been made between the above two schemes, and finally the paper adhibits the second—PCI9054 to design the interface circuit based on PCI bus. In the first part of the paper, the protocol and electrical attribution of the PCI will be introduced.Then in the second, the way and method of realizing the hardware of the data acquisition system will be discussed.The thesis includes the design of hard circuit, PCB (Printed Circuit Board), Driver and application soft.The detailed functional modules consist of analog digital conversion module、digital analog conversion module、PCI protocol conversion module、control logic、clock circuit and configuration circuit. The hard circuit is drawn employing circuit soft Protel 99SE. The driver is developed using developing tool DriverWorks and the application soft is programmed making use of advanced programming soft Visual C++ 6.0. The upper computer procedures which are compiled by VC++6.0 language and MATLAB language that can accomplish some assignments about real time transmission of data, image-based rendering, file saving, wavelet analysis and spectrum analysis. And parts of the system that can be enhanced in the future by other students are also described. Finally, the system is tested in this paper. The test results show that the hardware and software can normal work and meet the requirements of cable fault location on line.